The entire market for microvascular complications of diabetes (MCD) diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy is facing an extremely high level of unmet need across the 7MM (US, 5EU and Japan). Despite its enormous potential, the MCD market is facing the major global barrier in the sparsely populated pipeline. The diabetic retinopathy segment of the market has recently seen rapid uptake of novel anti-VEGF therapies and is experiencing a strong growth. On the other hand, the diabetic neuropathy and nephropathy segments face the barrier in and increasing number of generic competitors. Nevertheless, this market will undergo substantial growth between 2012 and 2022, almost doubling over this period, due to the rapid increase in the overall prevalence of microvascular complications of diabetes (which is attributed to the dramatic increase in prevalence of type 2 diabetes worldwide) and due to the uptake of one novel branded drug for diabetic nephropathy.

Highlights

Key Questions Answered

• None of the current therapies for the diabetic complications are able to alter their progressive natural course and therefore the MCD market is marked by the presence of extremely large unmet needs in the current treatments. What are the main unmet needs in this market? Will the drugs under development fulfil the unmet needs of the MCD market?

 

• The overall late-stage MCD pipeline is very sparsely populated. A high rate of failure in clinical trials for diabetic nephropathy and diabetic neuropathy led to a high level of pessimism among drug manufacturers. Will the late-stage drugs make a significant impact on the MCD market? What strategies are drug developers undertaking to penetrate this difficult but potentially very lucrative market?

 

• The diagnosed prevalence of microvascular complications of diabetes in the world dangerously increased in the past 10 years and will continue increasing at the fast pace. How will epidemiological changes impact the growth of the future market?

 

Key Findings

• The main driver of the enormous expansion of the MCD market will be the dramatic increase in disease prevalence, which is attributable to increased life expectancy and scyrocketting increase in diabetes prevalence.

 

• The major global barrier for all microvascular complications is the sparsely populated pipeline, while the diabetic neuropathy and nephropathy segments also face the barrier in an increasing number of generic competitors.

 

• The whole anti-VEGF class, used for the treatment of diabetic macular edema, will experience steady growth, while the market entry of AbbVie’s atrasentan, the first novel, branded diabetic nephropathy drug to enter the market in more than 10 years, will noticeably enhance the overall market size.

 

• High rate of failure in clinical trials for diabetic nephropathy and diabetic neuropathy discouraged many drug developers; however, they are now shifting their strategy towards better understanding of the disease and better design of clinical trials.

 

• None of the current therapies for the diabetic complications are able to alter their progressive natural course. This unmet need presents a large opportunity for investment by drug developers.

 

Scope

• Overview of MCD, including epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment guidelines.

 

• Annualized MCD therapeutics market revenue, annual cost of therapy and treatment usage pattern data from 2012 and forecast for ten years to 2022.

 

• Key topics covered include strategic competitor assessment, market characterization, unmet needs, clinical trial mapping and implications for the MCD therapeutics market.

 

• Pipeline analysis: comprehensive data split across different phases, emerging novel trends under development, and detailed analysis of late-stage pipeline drugs.

 

• Analysis of the current and future market competition in the global MCD therapeutics market. Insightful review of the key industry drivers, restraints and challenges. Each trend is independently researched to provide qualitative analysis of its implications.

 

Reasons to buy

• Develop and design your in-licensing and out-licensing strategies through a review of pipeline products and technologies, and by identifying the companies with the most robust pipeline. Additionally a list of acquisition targets included in the pipeline product company list.

 

• Develop business strategies by understanding the trends shaping and driving the global MCD therapeutics market.

 

• Drive revenues by understanding the key trends, innovative products and technologies, market segments, and companies likely to impact the global MCD therapeutics market in future.

 

• Formulate effective sales and marketing strategies by understanding the competitive landscape and by analysing the performance of various competitors.

 

• Identify emerging players with potentially strong product portfolios and create effective counter-strategies to gain a competitive advantage.

 

• Track drug sales in the global MCD therapeutics market from 2012-2022.

 

• Organize your sales and marketing efforts by identifying the market categories and segments that present maximum opportunities for consolidations, investments and strategic partnerships.

 

Table of Contents

 

1 Table of Contents 13

1.1 List of Tables 20

1.2 List of Figures 24

 

2 Introduction 27

2.1 Catalyst 27

2.2 Related Reports 28

2.3 Upcoming Related Reports 28

 

3 Disease Overview 29

3.1 Etiology and Pathophysiology 31

3.1.1 Diabetic Nephropathy 31

3.1.2 Diabetic Retinopathy 33

3.1.3 Diabetic Neuropathy 34

3.2 Prognosis 35

3.3 Quality of Life 36

3.4 Symptoms 37

 

4 Epidemiology 38

4.1 Diabetic Nephropathy 38

4.1.1 Disease Background 38

4.1.2 Risk Factors and Comorbidities 39

4.1.3 Global Trends 40

4.1.4 Forecast Methodology 43

4.1.5 Forecast Assumptions and Methods, Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Diabetes 47

4.1.6 Forecast Assumptions and Methods — Diabetic Nephropathy 51

4.1.7 Epidemiology Forecast for Diabetic Nephropathy (2012-2022) 53

4.1.8 Discussion 59

4.2 Diabetic Retinopathy 61

4.2.1 Disease Background 61

4.2.2 Risk Factors and Comorbidities 63

4.2.3 Global Trends 63

4.2.4 Forecast Methodology 68

4.2.5 Forecast Assumptions and Methods — Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Diabetes 74

4.2.6 Forecast Assumptions and Methods — Diabetic Retinopathy 78

4.2.7 Epidemiology Forecast for Diabetic Retinopathy (2012-2022) 80

4.2.8 Discussion 87

4.3 Diabetic Neuropathy 89

4.3.1 Disease Background 89

4.3.2 Risk Factors and Comorbidities 90

4.3.3 Global Trends 90

4.3.4 Forecast Methodology 93

4.3.5 Forecast Assumptions and Methods — Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Diabetes 98

4.3.6 Forecast Assumptions and Methods — Diabetic Neuropathy 102

4.3.7 Epidemiology Forecast for Diabetic Neuropathy (2012-2022) 103

4.3.8 Discussion 111

4.3.9 Limitations of the Analysis 112

4.3.10 Strengths of the Analysis 113

 

5 Disease Management 114

5.1 Treatment Overview 114

5.1.1 Diagnosis and Referrals 114

5.1.2 Screening 116

5.1.3 Treatment Guidelines 117

5.2 US 124

5.2.1 Diagnosis 124

5.2.2 Clinical Practice 126

5.3 France 128

5.3.1 Diagnosis 128

5.3.2 Clinical Practice 129

5.4 Germany 131

5.4.1 Diagnosis 131

5.4.2 Clinical Practice 132

5.5 Italy 133

5.5.1 Diagnosis 133

5.5.2 Clinical Practice 134

5.6 Spain 136

5.6.1 Diagnosis 136

5.6.2 Clinical Practice 137

5.7 UK 138

5.7.1 Diagnosis 138

5.7.2 Clinical Practice 141

5.8 Japan 144

5.8.1 Diagnosis 144

5.8.2 Clinical Practice 146

 

6 Competitive Assessment 148

6.1 Overview 148

6.2 Strategic Competitor Assessment 149

6.3 Diabetic Nephropathy: Product Profiles - Major Classes and Brands 153

6.3.1 Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors 153

6.3.2 Angiotensin Receptor Blockers 157

6.4 Diabetic Retinopathy: Product Profiles - Major Classes and Brands 161

6.4.1 Lucentis (ranibizumab) 161

6.4.2 Avastin (bevacizumab) 167

6.4.3 Corticosteroid Intravitreal Implants 172

6.5 Diabetic Neuropathy: Product Profiles - Major Classes and Brands 177

6.5.1 Tricyclic Antidepressants 177

6.5.2 Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors - Cymbalta (duloxetine) and Effexor (venlafaxine) 180

6.5.3 Anticonvulsants - Neurontin (gabapentin) and Lyrica (pregabalin) 185

6.5.4 Opioids 191

6.5.5 Epalrestat 194

 

7 Opportunity and Unmet Need 198

7.1 Overview 198

7.2 Unmet Needs 199

7.2.1 Unified Treatment for the Microvascular Complications of Diabetes 199

7.2.2 Optimization of Personalized Therapy in the Microvascular Complications of Diabetes 199

7.2.3 Treatment for Diabetic Nephropathy that Would Prevent ESRD 201

7.2.4 Cardio- and Renoprotective Therapy for Diabetic Nephropathy 202

7.2.5 Efficient Therapy for Retinopathy 203

7.2.6 Convenient Administration in Diabetic Retinopathy Treatment 203

7.2.7 Treatment for Diabetic Neuropathy 204

7.3 Unmet Needs Gap Analysis 205

7.4 Opportunity: Therapy for the Underlying Cause of the Microvascular Complications of Diabetes 207

7.5 Opportunity: Patient-Tailored Therapy for the Microvascular Complications of Diabetes 207

7.6 Opportunity: Efficacious Therapy for Diabetic Nephropathy 208

7.7 Opportunity: Topical Treatment for Diabetic Retinopathy 208

7.8 Opportunity: Treatment for Diabetic Neuropathy 209

 

8 Pipeline Assessment 210

8.1 Overview 210

8.2 Clinical Trial Mapping 212

8.2.1 Clinical Trials by Country 212

8.3 Clinical Trials by Phase and Trial Status 213

8.4 Promising Drugs in Clinical Development 215

8.4.1 Eylea (aflibercept) 217

8.4.2 Optina (danazol) 223

8.4.3 Atrasentan Hydrochloride 229

8.4.4 Ranirestat 234

 

9 Current and Future Players 239

9.1 Overview 239

9.2 Trends in Corporate Strategy 241

9.3 Company Profiles 244

9.3.1 Roche 244

9.3.2 Novartis 246

9.3.3 Regeneron 248

9.3.4 Bayer 250

9.3.5 Eli Lilly 251

9.3.6 Pfizer 254

9.3.7 AbbVie 256

 

10 Market Outlook 259

10.1 Global Markets 259

10.1.1 Forecast 259

10.1.2 Drivers and Barriers - Global Issues 263

10.2 US 266

10.2.1 Forecast 266

10.2.2 Key Events 271

10.2.3 Drivers and Barriers 271

10.3 France 274

10.3.1 Forecast 274

10.3.2 Key Events 279

10.3.3 Drivers and Barriers 279

10.4 Germany 282

10.4.1 Forecast 282

10.4.2 Key Events 287

10.4.3 Drivers and Barriers 287

10.5 Italy 290

10.5.1 Forecast 290

10.5.2 Key Events 295

10.5.3 Drivers and Barriers 295

10.6 Spain 298

10.6.1 Forecast 298

10.6.2 Key Events 303

10.6.3 Drivers and Barriers 303

10.7 UK 306

10.7.1 Forecast 306

10.7.2 Key Events 311

10.7.3 Drivers and Barriers 311

10.8 Japan 314

10.8.1 Forecast 314

10.8.2 Key Events 320

10.8.3 Drivers and Barriers 320

 

11 Appendix 323

11.1 Bibliography 323

11.2 Abbreviations 347

11.3 Methodology 354

11.4 Forecasting Methodology 354

11.4.1 Diagnosed Patients 354

11.4.2 Percent Drug-Treated Patients 355

11.4.3 Drugs Included in Each Therapeutic Class 355

11.4.4 Launch and Patent Expiry Dates 355

11.4.5 General Pricing Assumptions 356

11.4.6 Individual Drug Assumptions 357

11.4.7 Generic Erosion 361

11.4.8 Pricing of Pipeline Agents 361

11.5 Physicians and Specialists Included in this Study 362

11.6 About the Authors 364

11.6.1 Analyst II - CVMD 364

11.6.2 Therapy Director - CVMD and Infectious Disease 364

11.6.3 Senior Epidemiologist 365

11.6.4 Global Head of Healthcare 365

11.7 About GlobalData 366

11.8 Disclaimer 366

 

List of Tables

 

Table 1: Risk Factors for MCD 31

Table 2: Symptoms of MCD 37

Table 3: Classification of Patients Based on the Levels of Albuminuria for the Three Standard Tests 38

Table 4: 7MM, Sources of the Total Prevalence Data Used in the Analysis of Diabetic Nephropathy 43

Table 5: 7MM, Sources Excluded from the Analysis of Diabetic Nephropathy 46

Table 6: 7MM, Total Prevalent Cases of Diabetic Nephropathy in the Diagnosed Diabetic Population, Both Sexes, Ages ?40 Years, N, 2012-2022 54

Table 7: 7MM, Total Prevalent Cases of Diabetic Nephropathy in the Diagnosed Diabetic Population, Both Sexes, by Age, N, Row (%), 2012 55

Table 8: 7MM, Total Prevalent Cases of Diabetic Nephropathy in the Diagnosed Diabetic Population, by Sex, Ages ?40, N, Row (%), 2012 57

Table 9: International Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Disease Severity Scale and ETDRS Severity 62

Table 10: Summary of the Reported Prevalence Rates of Diabetic Retinopathy Across the 5EU 67

Table 11: 7MM, Sources for Diagnosed Diabetic Retinopathy Prevalence 69

Table 12: 7MM, Prevalent Cases of Diabetic Retinopathy in the Diagnosed Diabetic Population, N (%), Select Years, 2012-2022 81

Table 13: 7MM, Age-Specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Diabetic Retinopathy in the Diagnosed Diabetic Population, N (Row %), 2012 82

Table 14: 7MM, Sex-Specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Diabetic Retinopathy in the Diagnosed Diabetic Population, N (Row %), 2012 84

Table 15: Neuropathic Pain Descriptor Terms 89

Table 16: 7MM, Sources of Diabetic Neuropathy Total Prevalence Data 94

Table 17: 7MM, Excluded Sources of Diabetic Neuropathy Total Prevalence Data 97

Table 18: 7MM, Total Prevalent Cases of Diabetic Neuropathy in Diagnosed Diabetics, Both Sexes, Ages ?40 Years, N, 2012-2022 104

Table 19: 7MM, Total Prevalent Cases of Diabetic Neuropathy in Diagnosed Diabetics, Both Sexes, by Age, N, Row (%), 2012 106

Table 20: 7MM, Total Prevalent Cases of Diabetic Neuropathy in Diagnosed Diabetics, by Sex, Ages ?40 Years, N, Row (%), 2012 108

Table 21: Diagnostic Tests and Typical Criteria for MCD 115

Table 22: Treatment Guidelines for MCD 118

Table 23: Most Prescribed Drugs for MCD by Class in the 7MM, 2012 121

Table 24: Leading Drug Treatments for MCD, 2013 151

Table 25: ACE Inhibitors SWOT Analysis, 2013 155

Table 26: Global Sales Forecasts ($m) for ACE Inhibitors, 2012-2022 156

Table 27: ARBs SWOT Analysis, 2013 159

Table 28: Global Sales Forecasts ($m) for ARBs, 2012-2022 160

Table 29: Product Profile - Lucentis 162

Table 30: Lucentis SWOT Analysis, 2013 165

Table 31: Global Sales Forecasts ($m) for Lucentis, 2012-2022 166

Table 32: Product Profile - Avastin 168

Table 33: Avastin SWOT Analysis, 2013 170

Table 34: Global Sales Forecasts ($m) for Avastin, 2012-2022 171

Table 35: Corticosteroid Intravitreal Implants SWOT Analysis, 2013 175

Table 36: Global Sales Forecasts ($m) for Corticosteroid Intravitreal Implants, 2012-2022 176

Table 37: TCAs SWOT Analysis , 2013 179

Table 38: Global Sales Forecasts ($m) for TCAs, 2012-2022 180

Table 39: Product Profile - Cymbalta 181

Table 40: Product Profile - Effexor 182

Table 41: Cymbalta SWOT Analysis, 2013 184

Table 42: Global Sales Forecasts ($m) for SNRIs, 2012-2022 185

Table 43: Product Profile - Neurontin (gabapentin) 187

Table 44: Product Profile - Lyrica (pregabalin) 188

Table 45: Lyrica SWOT Analysis, 2013 190

Table 46: Global Sales Forecasts ($m) for Anticonvulsants, 2012-2022 191

Table 47: Opioids SWOT Analysis, 2013 193

Table 48: Global Sales Forecasts ($m) for Opioids, 2012-2022 194

Table 49: Epalrestat SWOT Analysis, 2013 196

Table 50: Global Sales Forecasts ($m) for Epalrestat, 2012-2022 197

Table 51: Overall Unmet Needs - Current Level of Attainment 198

Table 52: Clinical Unmet Needs in MCD - Gap Analysis, 2012 206

Table 53: MCD - Clinical Trials by Phase and Status, 2013 214

Table 54: MCD - Phase Pipeline, 2013 215

Table 55: Comparison of Drugs in Development for MCD, 2013 216

Table 56: Product Profile - Eylea 218

Table 57: Eylea SWOT Analysis, 2013 222

Table 58: Global Sales Forecasts ($m) for Eylea, 2012-2022 223

Table 59: Product Profile - Optina 225

Table 60: Optina SWOT Analysis, 2013 227

Table 61: Global Sales Forecasts ($m) for Optina, 2012-2022 228

Table 62: Product Profile - Atrasentan 230

Table 63: Atrasentan SWOT Analysis, 2013 232

Table 64: Global Sales Forecasts ($m) for Atrasentan, 2012-2022 233

Table 65: Product Profile - Ranirestat 235

Table 66: Ranirestat SWOT Analysis, 2013 237

Table 67: Global Sales Forecasts ($m) for Ranirestat, 2012-2022 238

Table 68: Key Companies in the MCD Market, 2013 240

Table 69: Roche/Genentech's MCD Portfolio Assessment, 2013 245

Table 70: Roche/Genentech SWOT Analysis, 2013 245

Table 71: Novartis' MCD Portfolio Assessment, 2013 247

Table 72: Novartis SWOT Analysis, 2013 247

Table 73: Regeneron's MCD Portfolio Assessment, 2013 249

Table 74: Regeneron SWOT Analysis, 2013 249

Table 75: Bayer's MCD Portfolio Assessment, 2013 250

Table 76: Bayer SWOT Analysis, 2013 251

Table 77: Eli Lilly's MCD Portfolio Assessment, 2013 253

Table 78: Eli Lilly SWOT Analysis, 2013 253

Table 79: Pfizer's MCD Portfolio Assessment, 2013 255

Table 80: Pfizer SWOT Analysis, 2013 256

Table 81: AbbVie's MCD Portfolio Assessment, 2013 257

Table 82: AbbVie SWOT Analysis, 2013 258

Table 83: Global Sales Forecasts ($) for MCD, 2012-2022 261

Table 84: MCD Market - Drivers and Barriers, 2013 263

Table 85: US Sales Forecasts ($) for MCD, 2012-2022 267

Table 86: Key Events Impacting Sales for MCD in the US, 2012-2022 271

Table 87: MCD Market - Drivers and Barriers in the US, 2013 271

Table 88: France Sales Forecasts ($) for MCD, 2012-2022 275

Table 89: Key Events Impacting Sales for MCD in France, 2012-2022 279

Table 90: MCD Market - Drivers and Barriers in France, 2013 279

Table 91: Germany Sales Forecasts ($) for MCD, 2012-2022 283

Table 92: Key Events Impacting Sales for MCD in Germany, 2012-2022 287

Table 93: MCD Market - Drivers and Barriers in Germany, 2013 287

Table 94: Italy Sales Forecasts ($) forMCD, 2012-2022 291

Table 95: Key Events Impacting Sales for MCD in Italy, 2012-2022 295

Table 96: MCD Market - Drivers and Barriers in Italy, 2013 295

Table 97: Spain Sales Forecasts ($) for MCD, 2012-2022 299

Table 98: Key Events Impacting Sales for MCD in Spain, 2012-2022 303

Table 99: MCD Market - Drivers and Barriers in Spain, 2013 303

Table 100: UK Sales Forecasts ($) for MCD, 2012-2022 307

Table 101: Key Events Impacting Sales for MCD in the UK, 2012-2022 311

Table 102: MCD Market - Drivers and Barriers in the UK, 2013 311

Table 103: Japan Sales Forecasts ($) for MCD, 2012-2022 316

Table 104: Key Events Impacting Sales for MCD in Japan, 2012-2022 320

Table 105: MCD Market - Drivers and Barriers in Japan, 2013 320

Table 106: Key Launch Dates 355

Table 107: Key Patent Expiries 356

Table 108: Number of High-Prescribing Physicians Surveyed 363

 

List of Figures

 

Figure 1: Potential Mechanisms of Diabetes-Induced Microvascular Complications 30

Figure 2: 7MM, Total Prevalent Cases of Diabetic Nephropathy in the Diagnosed Diabetic Population, Both Sexes, Ages ?40 Years, N, 2012-2022 54

Figure 3: 7MM, Total Prevalent Cases of Diabetic Nephropathy in the Diagnosed Diabetic Population, Both Sexes, by Age, N, 2012 56

Figure 4: 7MM, Total Prevalent Cases of Diabetic Nephropathy in the Diagnosed Diabetic Population, by Sex, Ages ?40 Years, N, 2012 57

Figure 5: 7MM, Total Prevalent Cases of Comorbid Hypertension in Total Prevalent Cases of Diabetic Nephropathy, Both Sexes, Ages ?40 Years, N, 2012 58

Figure 6: 7MM, Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Diabetic Retinopathy in the Diagnosed Diabetic Population, Both Sexes, Ages ?40 Years, N, 2012-2022 81

Figure 7: 7MM, Age-Specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Diabetic Retinopathy in the Diagnosed Diabetic Population, N, 2012-2022 83

Figure 8: 7MM, Sex-Specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Diabetic Retinopathy in the Diagnosed Diabetic Population, N , 2012 85

Figure 9: 5EU, Age-Specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of VTDR in the Diagnosed Diabetic Population, N, 2012 86

Figure 10: 4EU, Age-Specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of DME in the Diagnosed Diabetic Population, N, 2012 86

Figure 11: 7MM, Total Prevalent Cases of Diabetic Neuropathy in Diagnosed Diabetics, Both Sexes, Ages ?40 Years, N, 2012-2022 105

Figure 12: 7MM, Total Prevalent Cases of Diabetic Neuropathy in Diagnosed Diabetics, Both Sexes, by Age, N, 2012 107

Figure 13: 7MM, Total Prevalent Cases of Diabetic Neuropathy in Diagnosed Diabetics, by Sex, Ages ?40 Years, N, 2012 109

Figure 14: 7MM, Comorbid Hypertension in Diabetic Neuropathy Cases (N), Both Sexes, Ages 40+, 2012 110

Figure 15: General Treatment Algorithms for MCD 119

Figure 16: MCD Therapeutics - Clinical Trials by Country, 2013 212

Figure 17: Competitive Assessment of Late-Stage Pipeline Agents in MCD, 2012-2022 216

Figure 18: Company Portfolio Gap Analysis in MCD, 2012-2022 241

Figure 19: Global Sales for MCD by Region, 2012-2022 262

Figure 20: Sales for Diabetic Nephropathy in the US, 2012-2022 268

Figure 21: Sales for Diabetic Retinopathy in the US, 2012-2022 269

Figure 22: Sales for Diabetic Neuropathy in the US, 2012-2022 270

Figure 23: Sales for Diabetic Nephropathy in France, 2012-2022 276

Figure 24: Sales for Diabetic Retinopathy in France, 2012-2022 277

Figure 25: Sales for Diabetic Neuropathy in France, 2012-2022 278

Figure 26: Sales for Diabetic Nephropathy in Germany, 2012-2022 284

Figure 27: Sales for Diabetic Retinopathy in Germany, 2012-2022 285

Figure 28: Sales for Diabetic Neuropathy in Germany, 2012-2022 286

Figure 29: Sales for Diabetic Nephropathy in Italy, 2012-2022 292

Figure 30: Sales for Diabetic Retinopathy in Italy, 2012-2022 293

Figure 31: Sales for Diabetic Neuropathy in Italy, 2012-2022 294

Figure 32: Sales for Diabetic Nephropathy in Spain, 2012-2022 300

Figure 33: Sales for Diabetic Retinopathy in Spain, 2012-2022 301

Figure 34: Sales for Diabetic Neuropathy in Spain, 2012-2022 302

Figure 35: Sales for Diabetic Nephropathy in the UK, 2012-2022 308

Figure 36: Sales for Diabetic Retinopathy in the UK, 2012-2022 309

Figure 37: Sales for Diabetic Neuropathy in the UK, 2012-2022 310

Figure 38: Sales for Diabetic Nephropathy in Japan, 2012-2022 317

Figure 39: Sales for Diabetic Retinopathy in Japan, 2012-2022 318

Figure 40: Sales for Diabetic Neuropathy in Japan, 2012-2022 319