Overview

Biomarkers in Parkinson’s Disease is focused on the biomarker identification and development in patients with Parkinson’s Disease. This report focuses on the Parkinson’s Disease space featured in the parent report, highlighting several biomarker targets under investigation and the progress that has been made in the industry. With regards to employing the use of biomarkers for Parkinson’s Disease, Biomarkers in Parkinson’s Disease captures market growth of biomarkers, advantages, disadvantages, and validation techniques.

Experts interviewed in this report include:

• Dr. Andrew West, Associate Professor of Neurology and Neurobiology and Co-Director, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics
• Dr. Xuemei Huang, Professor and Vice Chair, Department of Neurology; Professor of Neurosurgery, Radiology, Pharmacology, and Kinesiology Director; Hershey Brain Analysis Research Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Penn State University-Milton, S. Hershey Medical Center Department of Neurology
• Dr. Andreas Jeromin, CSO and President of Atlantic Biomarkers

Also available in this report is extensive survey data exclusively conducted for this report. Illustrated by 30 figures captured in an in-depth analysis, this section features insight into targets under investigation, challenges, advantages, and desired features of future diagnostic applications.

Finally, Insight Pharma Reports concludes this report with clinical trial and pipeline data featuring targets and products from over 100 companies working in Parkinson’s Disease.

Executive Summary

Biomarkers have been a heavily studied topic of interest, and recently on the rise is the interest in neurodegenerative disorders, particularly Parkinson’s Disease. Although there are many techniques used to track Parkinson’s Disease progression, this report will primarily focus on blood-based and cerebrospinal fluid-based biomarkers currently under investigation. In addition to covering extensive background information, this report will also highlight market growth and outlook, and feature clinical trial and pipeline information.

After the introduction, Chapters 2 and 3 highlight background information on neurodegenerative disorders and include definitions and elaborate examples of different types of biomarkers used in the clinic. Chapter 2 concludes with market growth, advantages of biomarkers, disadvantages of biomarkers, and validation techniques. Chapters 3 gives a brief overview of neurodegenerative disorders, also speaking to the market growth and rise in interest in biomarkers over the years.

Chapter 4 gives specifics on Parkinson’s Disease, featuring definitions, symptoms, genetic markers, and current research. As the second leading cause of neurodegeneration in the aging population, researchers are scrambling to find biomarkers that will provide enough information for therapeutic action. Featured in this chapter is an interview with Dr. Andrew West, who speaks about his research and successes with the gene LRRK2. This chapter also provides an extensive amount of detail speaking to genetic targets and their use as biomarkers. Furthermore, Chapter 5 features Dr. Xuemei Huang (Professor and Vice Chair, Department of Neurology; Professor of Neurosurgery, Radiology, Pharmacology, and Kinesiology Director; Hershey Brain Analysis Research Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Penn State University-Milton, S. Hershey Medical Center Department of Neurology) and Dr. Andreas Jeromin, CSO and President of Atlantic Biomarkers. These chapters provide insight to utilizing biomarkers as a diagnostic for Parkinson’s Disease.

Chapter 6 includes an elaborate survey analysis exclusively done for this report. Qualifying participants worked with neurobiomarkers, neurodiagnostics, or both. With over 30 survey figures depicting the general R&D group working in this space, this section provides information including: research demographics, targets under investigation, challenges, advantages, and desired features of future diagnostic applications.

Finally, Insight Pharma Reports also created a table of clinical and pipeline information related to Parkinson’s Disease.

Table of Contents

Executive Summary

Chapter 1: The Focus of this Report

Chapter 2: Biomarkers and Their Clinical Utility
What are Biomarkers?
Advantages of Biomarkers
Clinical Endpoints vs. Surrogate Endpoints
Advantages of Biomarkers as Surrogate Endpoints
Disadvantages to Biomarkers as Surrogate Endpoints
How are Biomarkers Validated?

Chapter 3: Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Disorders

Chapter 4: Parkinson's Disease
What is Parkinson's Disease?
Genetic Factors Linked to Parkinson's Disease
PARK2 (parkin/ubiquitin E3 ligase)
PINK1 (PTEN-induced kinase 1 protein)
GBA (glucocerebrosidase)
Promising Biomarkers for Parkinson's Disease
SNCA (?-synuclein)
PARK7 (DJ-1 protein)
LRRK2 (dardarin protein)
Other biomarkers
Interview with Dr. Andrew West
Research Background
LRRK2 Protein Kinase
Advantages
Challenges and Limitations
Parkinson's Disease Outlook

Chapter 5: Penn State Hershey Medical Center
Research Background
MRI for Parkinson's Disease Diagnosis
Interview with Dr. Xuemei Huang
Research Background
Non-Invasive Imaging Tool
Advantages
Challenges and Limitations
Parkinson's Disease Outlook
Atlantic Biomarkers
Research Background
Mass-Spectrometry Assays for Biomarkers
Impact on Healthcare
Interview with Dr. Andreas Jeromin
Company Background
Neurobiomarker Research
Mass Spectrometry-Based Assays

Chapter 6: Survey Results

Chapter 7: Clinical Trials and Pipeline Information in Parkinson's Disease

References

About Cambridge Healthtech Institute

List of Tables

Table 2.1: Clinical Applications of Biomarkers as Surrogate Endpoints

List of Figures

Figure 2.1: Growth of Interest in Biomarkers
Figure 2.2: Biomarker Presence in Diagnostic Development vs. Therapeutic Development
Figure 3.1: Comparison of Disease Categories
Figure 3.2: Growth of Interest in Biomarkers for Neurology
Figure 3.3: Growth of Interest in Biomarkers for Parkinson's Disease
Figure 6.1: How Would You Categorize Your Organization?
Figure 6.2: Which Neurodegenerative Condition are You Currently Studying?
Figure 6.3: Which Targets for Huntington's Disease (HD) are You Currently Studying?
Figure 6.4: What is the Clinical Status of Your Target(s) for HD?
Figure 6.5: When Do You Expect Your Targets for HD to Enter Clinical Trials?
Figure 6.6: When Do You Expect Your Target to be an Available Therapeutic for HD?
Figure 6.7: Which Targets for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) are You Currently Studying?
Figure 6.8: What is the Clinical Status of Your Target(s) for ALS?
Figure 6.9: When Do You Expect Your Targets for ALS to Enter Into Clinical Trials?
Figure 6.10: When Do You Expect Your Target to be an Available Therapeutic for ALS?
Figure 6.11: Which Targets for Multiple Sclerosis (MS) are You Currently Studying?
Figure 6.12: What is the Clinical Status of Your Target(s) for MS?
Figure 6.13: When Do You Expect Your Targets for MS to Enter Into Clinical Trials?
Figure 6.14: When Do You Expect Your Target for MS to be an Available Therapeutic?
Figure 6.15: Which Signatures for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) are You Currently Studying?
Figure 6.16: What is the Clinical Status of Your Target(s) for AD?
Figure 6.17: When Do You Expect Your Targets for AD to Enter Into Clinical Trials?
Figure 6.18: When Do You Expect Your Target to be an Available Therapeutic for AD?
Figure 6.19: Which Signatures for Parkinson's Disease (PD) are You Currently Studying?
Figure 6.20: What is the Clinical Status of Your Target(s) for PD?
Figure 6.21: When Do You Expect Your Targets for PD to Enter Into Clinical Trials?
Figure 6.22: When Do You Expect Your Targets for PD to be an Available Therapeutic?
Figure 6.23: How Would You Describe Your Line of Research?
Figure 6.24: With Respect to Neurodiagnostics, Which Diagnostic Tools are You Developing for Biomarker Signatures?
Figure 6.25: With Respect to Neurodiagnostics, What are Challenges You Have Encountered with Your Diagnostic Development?
Figure 6.26: With Respect to Biomarker Development, What Tools are You Using to Identify Biomarker Signatures?
Figure 6.27: With Respect to Biomarker Development, What are Challenges You Have Encountered with Your Therapeutic Discovery/Development?
Figure 6.28: With Respect to Biomarker Therapeutics, What Tools are You Using to Identify Biomarker Signatures?
Figure 6.29: With Respect to Biomarker Therapeutics, What are Challenges You Have Encountered with Your Therapeutic Discovery/Development?
Figure 6.30: Which Imaging Techniques do You Feel are the Most Beneficial for Studying the Effects of Neurodegenerative Diseases?
Figure 6.31: Which Therapeutics do You Feel will be the Most Beneficial for Neurodegenerative Diseases?